WhiteBoard Medicine - Emergency And Critical Care

Mastering Shock - Hypovolemic, Cardiogenic, Obstructive, Distributive & Septic Shock Explained

In this episode, we break down the four major shock states — hypovolemic, cardiogenic, obstructive, and distributive — and provide a structured approach to evaluating patients in undifferentiated shock. We’ll then take a deeper dive into septic shock, including pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management strategies used in the ICU and emergency department.
📚 MINI COURSES, STUDY GUIDES, PRACTICE QUESTIONS, AD FREE VIDEOS, EDUCATIONAL DISCUSSIONS in our WBM Emergency Critical Care Patreon Community - Join Today!! https://www.patreon.com/c/WhiteBoardMedicine
Link To YouTube Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3nqSQwEBkP0
Timestamps: 0:00 - 11:38 - Framework For Differentiating Undifferentiated Shock 11:39 - 32:32 - Breaking Down The 4 Shock States - Hypovolemic, Distributive, Cardiogenic, Obstructive 32:33 - 56:43 - Deep Dive Into Septic Shock
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.
 

End Tidal Capnography Explained - Waveform Analysis & Clinical Applications

End tidal capnography (ETCO₂) is one of the most important tools in emergency medicine, anesthesia, and critical care. In this episode, we break down normal and abnormal capnography waveforms, explain the physiology behind each pattern, and show you how to apply ETCO₂ in real clinical scenarios.
📌 What’s covered in this video: Normal ETCO₂ waveform and interpretation. Obstructive patterns (bronchospasm, airway obstruction). The “curare cleft” and inadequate neuromuscular blockade. Hyperventilation vs hypoventilation on waveform analysis. Capnography in cardiac arrest: ROSC detection & quality of CPR. Clinical pearls for the ED, ICU, and OR.
Timestamps:
Chapter 1 (0:00 - 19:36) - Normal Capnography Waveform Analysis
Chapter 2 (19:37 - 28:31) - Obstruction Capnography Waveform Analysis
Chapter 3 (28:32 - 34:20) - Curare Cleft Chapter 4 (34:21 - 42:11) - Hyperventilation, Hypoventilation, And Waveform Analysis
Chapter 5 (42:12 - 54:37) - End Tidal Capnography In Cardiac Arrest
Link To YouTube Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eyut072tz5s
📖 More Resources Download study guides, infographics, and practice questions here: https://www.patreon.com/collection/1443765
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DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

Calcium Channel Blocker Overdose | Diagnosis, Management, and Antidotes Explained

Calcium channel blocker (CCB) overdose is one of the most dangerous toxicologic emergencies seen in emergency medicine and critical care.
📚 MINI COURSES, STUDY GUIDES, PRACTICE QUESTIONS, AD FREE VIDEOS, EDUCATIONAL DISCUSSIONS in our WBM Emergency Critical Care Patreon Community - Join Today!! https://www.patreon.com/c/WhiteBoardMedicine
Timestamps: 0:00 - 6:27 - Introduction, What are CCBs, Dihydropyridines vs Non-dihydropyridines 6:28 - 10:33 - Epidemiology, Mechanism of Toxicity, Effects 10:34 - 13:29 - Clinical Presentation and Diagnostic Work up 13:30 - 22:25 - Stabilization, First Line Therapies, Adjunctive Therapies, Advanced Therapies 22:26 - 29:05 - Monitoring, Prognosis, Bedside Tips, Practice Questions
YouTube Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P19nyRgX5Xw
👉 Subscribe for more emergency & critical care medicine content! 👍Become a WhiteBoard Medicine member for early access and perks! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiMhM7xCTT8b5SJRnhpH7Ag/join
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

IV Fluids Explained: Normal Saline, Lactated Ringer’s, D5W, PlasmaLyte, & Albumin | Clinical Guide

Learn everything you need to know about intravascular fluids for the clinical arena. This comprehensive guide covers Normal Saline (NS), Lactated Ringer’s (LR), Dextrose 5% in Water (D5W), PlasmaLyte, and Albumin—including composition, indications, contraindications, pros and cons, clinical pearls, and more.
Timestamps:
Chapter 1 (0:00 - 14:43) - Normal Saline
Chapter 2 (14:44 - 28:03) - Lactated Ringers
Chapter 3 (28:04 - 38:46) - Dextrose 5% Water
Chapter 4 (38:47 - 52:57) - Plasmalyte
Chapter 5 (52:58 - 1:06:00) - Albumin
📖 More Resources Download study guides, infographics, and practice questions here: https://www.patreon.com/collection/1443765
Link to YouTube Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=un2toZNWpa0
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👇DON'T MISS OUT - JOIN OUR PATREON COMMUNITY TODAY 👇 https://www.patreon.com/WhiteBoardMedicine
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

Demystifying Central Venous Pressure CVP – Measurement, Waveform Analysis, & Cannon A Waves

Learn how to master Central Venous Pressure (CVP) monitoring with this complete step-by-step guide. In this episode, we cover everything from CVP measurement basics to waveform interpretation and a deep dive into Cannon A waves. Perfect for medical students, residents, critical care fellows, and anyone preparing for exams or working at the bedside.
📚 MINI COURSES, STUDY GUIDES, PRACTICE QUESTIONS, AD FREE VIDEOS, EDUCATIONAL DISCUSSIONS in our WBM Emergency Critical Care Patreon Community - Join Today!! https://www.patreon.com/c/WhiteBoardMedicine
📌 Chapters: 0:00 - 13:56 – Chapter 1: Central Venous Pressure (CVP) Monitoring and Measurement Basics 13:57 - 25:10 – Chapter 2: CVP Waveform and Tracing Basics (A, C, X, V, Y Explained Clearly) 25:11 - 33:29 – Chapter 3: CVP Waveforms and Tracings: Understanding Cannon A Waves
Link to YouTube Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yFRZfneDlVQ
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

Mastering Renal Replacement Therapy Basics To Advanced | ICU Guide

Renal replacement therapy (RRT) is a cornerstone of emergency and critical care medicine, as well as nephrology. In this episode, we provide a complete overview of RRT in the ICU, covering everything you need to know to master this essential therapy.
We’ll review: The different types of renal replacement therapy (CRRT, IHD, SLED, PD). Indications for starting RRT in critically ill patients. Continuous vs intermittent RRT: key differences and clinical decision-making. Components of CRRT machines and how they work. Timing of initiation and evidence from landmark trials. Troubleshooting common complications and challenges. Practical tips for ICU physicians, trainees, and nurses.
📌 Timestamps:
Chapter 1 (0:00 - 12:03) - Basics Of Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT), Indications, Emergent Needs
Chapter 2 (12:04 - 25:26) - Types Of RRT (iHD, CRRT, SLED, PD)
Chapter 3 (25:27 - 29:46) - When To Start RRT (Evidence and Trials)
Chapter 4 (29:47 - 34:34) - Basics Of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT)
Chapter 5 (34:35 - 38:46) - Components of CRRT (Blood Flow, Filter, Dialysate, Etc)
Chapter 6 (38:47 - 54:36) - Introduction To Types Of CRRT (CVVH, CVVHD, CVVHDF, SCUF)
Chapter 7 (54:37 - 1:13:21) - CRRT Advanced Indications, Blood Flow, Dialysate, Ultrafiltration, Effluent
Chapter 8 (1:13:22 - 1:18:43) - Mechanism Of Solute Clearance (Diffusion Vs Convection), Sieving Coefficient, Transmembrane Pressure
Link to YouTube Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-epNrfQG0J8
📖 More Resources Download study guides, infographics, and practice questions here: https://www.patreon.com/collection/1443765
Nephrology🧂 https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLf5bMa9_tvRgwXdcj18ux70r08Et93idU&si=tbOHFsPfZgFFZxWg
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DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

Acetaminophen Toxicity (Tylenol Overdose) Explained - Comprehensive Overview

In this episode, we cover everything you need to know about acetaminophen (paracetamol) toxicity — also known as Tylenol overdose. This is one of the most common drug overdoses worldwide and a leading cause of acute liver failure.
We’ll review: Safe and toxic dosing thresholds. Mechanism of action and toxic metabolic pathways (NAPQI, glutathione depletion). The four clinical stages of toxicity. Diagnostic workup and interpretation of acetaminophen levels (Rumack–Matthew nomogram). Management strategies, including NAC (N-acetylcysteine). Indications for liver transplant. Prognosis and outcomes. *Apologies for the audio, microphone didn't turn on!
Timestamps:
0:00 - 6:24 - What Is Acetaminophen, Normal Dosing, Max Doses, 2 grams/day Vs 4 grams/day.
6:25 - 7:41 - Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Liver Failure.
7:42 - 13:37 - Metabolization, Mechanism Of Toxicity, NAPQI, Glutathione
13:38 - 18:19 - 4 Stages Of Toxicity
18:20 - 26:46 - Management, Stabilization, Key Factors, Rumack Matthew Nomogram, Therapies
26:47 - 28:50 - N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC)
28:51 - 30:37 - Monitoring, Special Populations (Co-ingestants, Pregnancy, Etc)
30:38 - 32:14 - Liver Transplant, King's College Criteria, Prognosis
32:15 - 38:51 - Key Points, Review, Practice Questions
Link to YouTube Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hlXF8GwrT98
📚 Related Resources:
Download our Tylenol Overdose study guides and practice questions: https://www.patreon.com/collection/1443765
Watch next: Playlist Critical Care Medicine
https://youtube.com/playlistlist=PLf5bMa9_tvRiZ85NNUGwk91YpqDWdIGvA&si=jGyrxrOcvQqTldFb
👍Become a WhiteBoard Medicine member for early access and perks! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiMhM7xCTT8b5SJRnhpH7Ag/join
👇DON'T MISS OUT - JOIN OUR PATREON COMMUNITY TODAY 👇 https://www.patreon.com/WhiteBoardMedicine
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, video, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

Master Mechanical Ventilation Basics to Advanced | ICU Guide

In this episode, we provide a step-by-step guide to mastering mechanical ventilation, starting with the fundamentals and progressing to advanced ICU strategies. Perfect for medical students, residents, critical care fellows, and practicing clinicians, this overview covers ventilator modes, settings, troubleshooting, clinical applications, and much more.
Timestamps:
0:00 - 27:42 - Terminology, Concepts, and Basics
27:43 - 38:10 - Settings, FiO2, PEEP, TV, RR
38:11 - 1:06:01 - Modes, Parameters, Alarms
1:06:02 - 1:37:12 - Understanding Loops and Waveforms
1:37:13 - 1:53:05 - Volume and Pressure Control Modes
1:53:06 - 2:14:30 - Peak and Plateau Pressures
2:14:31 - 2:28:12 - Driving Pressure
2:28:13 - 2:48:08 - How to Present Mechanical Ventilation on Rounds
Link to video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9R8WbPM-fE0
📚 Related Resources:
Download our Mechanical Ventilation study guides and practice questions: https://www.patreon.com/collection/1443765
Watch next: Playlist Mechanical Ventilation: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLf5bMa9_tvRgVjd6EYdHBcLnIiCTgGKD9
👍Become a WhiteBoard Medicine member for early access and perks! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiMhM7xCTT8b5SJRnhpH7Ag/join
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Critical Care Medicine 🚑 https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLf5bMa9_tvRiZ85NNUGwk91YpqDWdIGvA&si=jGyrxrOcvQqTldFb
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, text, audio, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

Three Modes Of Mechanical Ventilation - Volume Control, Pressure Control, APRV | Clinical Medicine

In this episode, we break down three major modes of mechanical ventilation: Volume Control (VC), Pressure Control (PC), and Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV). Whether you’re a medical student, resident, or practicing clinician, this comprehensive overview will help you understand the principles, advantages, and limitations of each mode in the ICU and clinical practice.
By the end of this video, you’ll have a clear grasp of how to select and troubleshoot these ventilator modes for critically ill patients. Perfect for exam prep, board review, and bedside learning.
Timestamps:
0:00 - 15:58 - Volume Control, Scalars and Waveforms, Settings, Troubleshooting
15:59 - 28:42 - Pressure Control, Scalars and Waveforms, Settings, Troubleshooting
28:43 - 48:13 - APRV, Settings, Indications, Troubleshooting
Link to video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AUa25-SlnJ8
📚 Related Resources:
Download our Mechanical Ventilation study guides and practice questions: https://www.patreon.com/collection/1443765
Watch next: Playlist Mechanical Ventilation: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLf5bMa9_tvRgVjd6EYdHBcLnIiCTgGKD9
👍Become a WhiteBoard Medicine member for early access and perks! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiMhM7xCTT8b5SJRnhpH7Ag/join
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Critical Care Medicine 🚑 https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLf5bMa9_tvRiZ85NNUGwk91YpqDWdIGvA&si=jGyrxrOcvQqTldFb
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

Ventilator Dyssynchrony - Double, Reverse, and Ineffective Triggering, Flow Starvation, AutoPEEP

Ventilator dyssynchrony is a common challenge in critical care and mechanical ventilation. In this episode, we break down the most important types of patient–ventilator asynchrony: double triggering, reverse triggering, ineffective triggering, flow starvation, and autoPEEP. Understanding these patterns is essential for ICU physicians, respiratory therapists, and critical care trainees to optimize patient outcomes and reduce ventilator-induced lung injury.
You’ll learn: What each type of dyssynchrony looks like on ventilator waveforms. Common causes and risk factors in the ICU setting. Practical bedside strategies to identify and troubleshoot each problem. Managing the different dyssynchrony patterns.
Timestamps:
0:00 - 11:28 - Flow Starvation
11:29 - 23:59 - Double Triggering
24:00 - 59:37 - AutoPEEP (Breath Stacking)
59:38 -1:17:48 - Double Triggering Vs Reverse Triggering
1:17:49 - 1:33:26 - Ineffective Triggering
Link to video: https://studio.youtube.com/video/28lmIBdA-9M/edit
📚 Related Resources:
Download our Mechanical Ventilation study guides and practice questions: https://www.patreon.com/collection/1443765
Watch next: Playlist Mechanical Ventilation: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLf5bMa9_tvRgVjd6EYdHBcLnIiCTgGKD9
👍Become a WhiteBoard Medicine member for early access and perks! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiMhM7xCTT8b5SJRnhpH7Ag/join
👇DON'T MISS OUT - JOIN OUR PATREON COMMUNITY TODAY 👇 https://www.patreon.com/WhiteBoardMedicine
Critical Care Medicine 🚑 https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLf5bMa9_tvRiZ85NNUGwk91YpqDWdIGvA&si=jGyrxrOcvQqTldFb
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.