WhiteBoard Medicine - Emergency And Critical Care

Distributive Shock Crash Course | Sepsis, Anaphylaxis, Neurogenic Shock

Distributive shock is one of the most important shock states to recognize in emergency and critical care medicine. In this high-yield breakdown, we cover pathophysiology, clinical presentation, hemodynamics, and evidence-based management — including sepsis, anaphylaxis, and neurogenic shock.
You’ll learn: ↓ SVR and “relative hypovolemia” Warm shock vs late cold shock progression Hyperdynamic cardiac output in early sepsis Neurogenic shock and bradycardia When to use fluids vs vasopressors Norepinephrine as first-line pressor When to add vasopressin or steroids Key trials: EGDT, ProCESS, ARISE, ProMISe, VASST, SOAP II, ADRENAL, APROCCHSS.
Management pearls: Fluids + antibiotics early in septic shock IM epinephrine first-line for anaphylaxis Phenylephrine or norepinephrine in neurogenic shock MAP ≥ 65 mmHg, lactate clearance, urine output targets
📚 MINI COURSES, STUDY GUIDES (for this video), PRACTICE QUESTIONS, AD FREE VIDEOS, EDUCATIONAL DISCUSSIONS in our WBM Emergency Critical Care Patreon Community - Join Today!! https://www.patreon.com/c/WhiteBoardMedicine
👍Become a WhiteBoard Medicine member for early access and perks!
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiMhM7xCTT8b5SJRnhpH7Ag/join
👇DON'T MISS OUT - JOIN OUR PATREON COMMUNITY TODAY 👇
https://www.patreon.com/WhiteBoardMedicine
We appreciate the support!
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

Pulmonary Artery Catheters (Swan-Ganz) Explained | Hemodynamics, Indications, Waveforms, Trials

Pulmonary artery catheters (PACs), also known as Swan-Ganz catheters, provide a detailed window into a patient’s hemodynamics.
📚 MINI COURSES, STUDY GUIDES, PRACTICE QUESTIONS, AD FREE VIDEOS, EDUCATIONAL DISCUSSIONS in our WBM Emergency Critical Care Patreon Community - Join Today!! https://www.patreon.com/c/WhiteBoardMedicine
In this episode, we cover: What a PAC is and what it measures (RA, RV, PA, PAOP, CO, SvO₂). When to use it: refractory shock, advanced heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, complex perioperative cases. Step-by-step placement and waveform interpretation. Calculations: SVR, PVR, CI, SvO₂ — and how to apply them clinically. Key benefits, limitations, and risks (arrhythmias, PA rupture, over-wedging). Landmark trials: ESCAPE (2005), PAC-Man (2005), Sandham (2003), FACTT (2006). How to integrate PAC data with echocardiography for patient management.
Link to video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h-nlPhZP49U
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

Spontaneous Breathing Trial SBTs Explained | RSBI, Pressure Support vs T Piece, Extubation Readiness

Spontaneous Breathing Trials (SBTs) are the gold-standard test to determine whether a patient can be safely extubated from mechanical ventilation.
📚 MINI COURSES, STUDY GUIDES, PRACTICE QUESTIONS, AD FREE VIDEOS, EDUCATIONAL DISCUSSIONS in our WBM Emergency Critical Care Patreon Community - Join Today!! https://www.patreon.com/c/WhiteBoardMedicine
In this episode, we break down everything you need to know: What SBTs are and why they matter. Prerequisites before starting a trial. The different SBT methods: T-piece, Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV), and CPAP. How to assess patient success with RSBI, vital signs, and clinical markers. Landmark studies, including Esteban et al. (NEJM 1996) and Thille et al. (JAMA 2016). A full review of Tanios et al. (Crit Care Med 2016) evaluating RSBI in modern ICUs.
Link to video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hvipBHX2BAQ
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

Mastering Anti-Arrhythmic Drugs | Basics, Action Potential, Class 2–4 (Beta, K+, Ca++ Blockers)

Unlock the world of anti-arrhythmic drugs in this high-yield medical education episode! Perfect for medical students, residents, and healthcare professionals preparing for exams or clinical practice. We’ll start with the basics of cardiac electrophysiology and the action potential phases, then move into the Vaughan Williams classification system.
📚 MINI COURSES, STUDY GUIDES, PRACTICE QUESTIONS, AD FREE VIDEOS, EDUCATIONAL DISCUSSIONS in our WBM Emergency Critical Care Patreon Community - Join Today!! https://www.patreon.com/c/WhiteBoardMedicine 
Finally, we’ll take a deep dive into three critical drug classes: Class 2: Beta Blockers (mechanism, indications, side effects) Class 3: Potassium Channel Blockers (e.g., amiodarone, sotalol) Class 4: Calcium Channel Blockers (diltiazem, verapamil) By the end, you’ll have a clear understanding of how these drugs work, when to use them, and their clinical pearls.
Link to video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CnWXkSAzgqw
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

Mastering Beta Blocker And Calcium Channel Blocker Toxicity | Full Comparison Guide

In this comprehensive episode, we combine our earlier discussions on beta-blocker overdose and calcium channel blocker overdose into one high-yield comparison. These are two of the most dangerous cardiovascular toxicities encountered in emergency medicine and critical care.
📚 MINI COURSES, STUDY GUIDES, PRACTICE QUESTIONS, AD FREE VIDEOS, EDUCATIONAL DISCUSSIONS in our WBM Emergency Critical Care Patreon Community - Join Today!! https://www.patreon.com/c/WhiteBoardMedicine
👉 You’ll learn: Mechanisms of toxicity (β-receptor blockade vs calcium channel blockade) Symptoms & clinical findings: bradycardia, hypotension, seizures, bronchospasm, pulmonary edema Diagnostic pearls: hypoglycemia in beta-blocker toxicity vs hyperglycemia in calcium channel blocker toxicity Stepwise treatment: airway, IV fluids, atropine, glucagon, calcium, high-dose insulin euglycemia therapy (HIET), vasopressors, lipid emulsion, pacing, and ECMO Unique features: lipophilic beta blockers causing CNS depression, verapamil causing profound cardiogenic shock
Link to video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WunW6SY1kc4
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

Beta Blocker vs Calcium Channel Blocker Toxicity | Quick Comparison Guide!

In this episode, we break down the critical differences between beta-blocker overdose and calcium channel blocker overdose — two high-risk toxicologic emergencies that every emergency medicine and critical care clinician must recognize.
📚 MINI COURSES, STUDY GUIDES, PRACTICE QUESTIONS, AD FREE VIDEOS, EDUCATIONAL DISCUSSIONS in our WBM Emergency Critical Care Patreon Community - Join Today!! https://www.patreon.com/c/WhiteBoardMedicine
👉 You’ll learn: The mechanisms behind each toxicity Key clinical symptoms and diagnostic clues How to differentiate hypoglycemia (BB) vs hyperglycemia (CCB) Stepwise management including airway, fluids, glucagon, calcium, HIET, vasopressors, IV lipid emulsion, pacing, and ECMO This quick comparison will give you a practical bedside framework for managing these challenging cases.
Link to video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nRd1iK2I4XY
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

Mastering Fluid Assessment | CVP, PPV, PLR & IVC Ultrasound Explained

How do you truly master fluid assessment in critical care? 💧
📚 MINI COURSES, STUDY GUIDES, PRACTICE QUESTIONS, AD FREE VIDEOS, EDUCATIONAL DISCUSSIONS in our WBM Emergency Critical Care Patreon Community - Join Today!! https://www.patreon.com/c/WhiteBoardMedicine
You’ll learn: Step-by-step how to use each tool 🛠️ Clinical applications and pitfalls ⚠️ Evidence base behind dynamic vs static indices 📚 A practical bedside algorithm 🔀 3 board-style practice questions to test your knowledge 📝 This video is a high-yield guide for medical students, residents, and ICU/critical care clinicians.
Link to video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kbSRIBKgHJo
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

Using ChatGPT for Medical Education | How to Write Great Practice Questions

Can ChatGPT help you write high-quality practice questions for medical education and exam prep? ✅
📚 MINI COURSES, STUDY GUIDES, PRACTICE QUESTIONS, AD FREE VIDEOS, EDUCATIONAL DISCUSSIONS in our WBM Emergency Critical Care Patreon Community - Join Today!! https://www.patreon.com/c/WhiteBoardMedicine
In this episode, we cover: Why AI-generated questions can accelerate active learning and save educators time 🤖 Step-by-step: how to prompt ChatGPT to generate USMLE/board-style multiple-choice questions 📝 Examples of strong prompts and common pitfalls ⚠️ How to validate, refine, and deploy AI-generated content for students and trainees Workflow tips for batching, difficulty adjustment, and formatting consistency Evidence behind AI-assisted medical education 📚
Link to video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d1xKw17cYns
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

Fluid Assessment in Critical Care | CVP, PPV, PLR, and IVC Ultrasound Explained

How do you assess fluid status at the bedside? In this episode, we break down the four main fluid assessment strategies used in emergency and critical care: 🔹 Central Venous Pressure (CVP) – static, trend-based but poor predictor of fluid responsiveness 🔹 Pulse Pressure Variation (PPV) – dynamic and strong evidence in the right conditions 🔹 Passive Leg Raise (PLR) – safe, reversible preload challenge valid across rhythms and ventilation 🔹 Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Ultrasound – quick, non-invasive, helpful in extremes of volume status
📚 MINI COURSES, STUDY GUIDES, PRACTICE QUESTIONS, AD FREE VIDEOS, EDUCATIONAL DISCUSSIONS in our WBM Emergency Critical Care Patreon Community - Join Today!! https://www.patreon.com/c/WhiteBoardMedicine
You’ll learn: The physiology behind each method 🧠 Step-by-step how to use them at the bedside 🛠️ Strengths and limitations ⚖️ A quick comparison table 📋 Evidence-based pearls 📚 3 practice board-style questions (beginner, intermediate, advanced) 📝 This video is a high-yield resource for medical students, residents, and ICU/critical care clinicians who want to improve their understanding of fluid management in shock.
Link to video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XyoEbyROxRg
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

IVC Ultrasound Assessment Explained | Fluid Status & Volume Responsiveness Emergency Critical Care

Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) ultrasound is a simple, fast, and non-invasive bedside tool for estimating volume status and fluid responsiveness. By assessing the IVC diameter and its respiratory variation, clinicians can better guide resuscitation — especially in shock or critically ill patients.
📚 MINI COURSES, STUDY GUIDES, PRACTICE QUESTIONS, AD FREE VIDEOS, EDUCATIONAL DISCUSSIONS in our WBM Emergency Critical Care Patreon Community - Join Today!! https://www.patreon.com/c/WhiteBoardMedicine
In this episode, we cover: What IVC ultrasound assessment is and why it matters 🩻 How to measure the IVC step by step (probe choice, view, diameter, M-mode) 🛠️ Collapsibility and distensibility indices explained 📏 Clinical interpretation in spontaneously breathing vs mechanically ventilated patients 🩺 Rules of thumb: tiny/collapsible vs dilated/non-collapsing IVC Strengths, limitations, and pitfalls ⚠️ Evidence base and guidelines for IVC use 📚 A practical bedside algorithm for fluid assessment 🔀 3 board-style practice questions (beginner, intermediate, advanced) 📝
Link to video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jImOBX0OTuI 
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.