WhiteBoard Medicine

Arterial Line Advanced - Waveforms Analysis, Underdamping, and Overdamping | Clinical Medicine

In this podcast we will dive deeper into arterial line waveform analysis, trouble shooting, and more!
How the Arterial Line Circuit Works
What is Damping and Normal Waveform compared to Underdamped and Overdamped Waveform
Square Wave Test and Fast Flush Test
Causes and Troubleshooting for Damping
Review and Practice
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YouTube Video:
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Arterial Line Basics - How It Works, Waveforms, And Pressure Monitoring | Clinical Medicine

In this podcast we will dive into the basics of the arterial line starting with what it is and how it works. We will then dive into the waveform, analysis, and much more!
Placement, Locations, Setup, Pressure Transducer, and How It Detects Blood Pressure
Basics of Arterial Pressure Waveform: Aortic Valve Opening, Systolic Upstroke, Systolic Blood Pressure, Systolic Decline, Dicrotic Notch, Aortic Valve Closing, Diastolic Runoff, Diastolic Blood Pressure, Area Under The Curve, Mean Arterial Pressure
Waveform Differences based on Location, Contractility and Systemic Vascular Resistance Surrogates on the Arterial Waveform
Practice Labeling an Arterial Waveform
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YouTube Video:
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Mechanical Ventilation Basics - Pressure Control (Pressure, Flow, Volume Scalar) | Clinical Medicine

Assist Control Pressure Control (ACPC) is a mode of invasive mechanical ventilation that is standard for many adults who require ventilation in the intensive care unit. In this video we dive into this mode of ventilation. We talk about how it works, the various settings required, the trigger target and cycling, and the pressure flow and volume scalars as related to volume control ventilation.
Pressure Control Settings.
Trigger, Target, and Cycling.
Pressure Control Volume Scalar.
Pressure Control Pressure Scalar.
Pressure Control Flow Scalar.
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YouTube Video:
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Mechanical Ventilation - Comparing Volume Control to Pressure Control + Scalars | Clinical Medicine

Pressure control and volume control are the most common two modes for mechanical ventilation in both children and adults. Understanding these two modes is critical for critically ill patients. In this video we compare these two modes side-by-side discussing their similarities and differences. We use trigger, target, and cycling as a way to better understand them and compare their pressure, flow, and volume scalars to gain a fuller understanding.
Pressure versus Volume Control Trigger, Target, Cycling.
Comparing PC versus VC Scalars.
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YouTube Video:
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Central Venous Pressure (CVP) Waveform And Tracing Basics - A, C, X, V, Y Explained Clearly!

Central Venous Pressure (CVP) waveforms or tracings are commonly encountered especially in the intensive care units. Understanding these tracings are critical to best caring for these sick patients. In this video, we dive into the CVP waveform discussing the different parts of the waveform (A, C, X, V, Y) thinking of these parts as both results of the various phases of cardiac activity as well as the cardiac cycle on telemetry (P, QRS, and T).
Anatomy of CVP, Central Venous Access, Right Atrial Pressure.
CVP Waveform/Tracing (A, C, X, V, Y) Explained.
CVP Tracing Review, Comparison to Telemetry (P, QRS, T).
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YouTube Video:
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Central Venous Pressure (CVP) Waveform and Tracing - Cannon A Waves

The Central Venous Pressure (CVP) waveform and tracing can indicate significant cardiac pathologies. Being able to identify these abnormalities is critical for patient care. In this video, we dive into one of these abnormal CVP tracings called "cannon A waves". We talk about what these look like, how to identify them, and what may be causing them!
CVP Measurements, Central Venous Access, Right Atrial Pressure.
Normal CVP waveform and tracing.
Cannon A Waves.
Causes of Cannon A Waves.
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YouTube Video:
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Mechanical Ventilation Basics - Peak and Plateau Pressures | Clinical Medicine

Peak and plateau pressures in mechanical ventilation are critical concepts to understand both how to best treat patient's on mechanical ventilation, as well as to identify different pathologies that could be going on. They are something that we should be paying attention to, thinking about, and presenting on every patient on mechanical ventilation!
Peak Pressure Explanation, Measurement, Normal.
Plateau Pressure Explanation, Inspiratory Hold, Normal.
Comparing Peak and Plateau Pressures, Airway Resistance, Lung Compliance.
Causes of High Plateau Pressures.
Causes of High Peak Pressures.
Peak and Plateau Pressures on Ventilator Scalars.
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YouTube Video:
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Sepsis Basics - What Is It, What Does It Cause, And How To Manage It | Clinical Medicine

Sepsis affects millions and millions of people with a high mortality rate. Most people have had sepsis or know someone who has been septic. We see it every single day caring for patients in the hospital. In this video, we dive into the basics of sepsis with the goal to finally understand this complex condition!
Epidemiology of Sepsis.
What is it? Immune Response, Immune Dysregulation, Innate Immune Response, Adaptive Immune Response, Immune Response in Sepsis.
Symptoms of Sepsis.
Pathophysiology, Cellular Injury, Tissue Injury, Organ Failure, and Circulatory Dysfunction.
Diagnosis, SIRS, Sepsis, Severe Sepsis, Septic Shock.
Treatment Strategies.
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YouTube Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3jSB2lwakbs 
 

Cardiac Physiology Basics - Frank Starling Physiology And Curve Explained | Clinical Medicine

Frank Starling curve is a foundational medical physiology topic that is critical to understand. It involves the heart's muscle fibers, myocardial fibers, and the relationship between stretch, tension, and contraction as a driver of cardiac stroke volume. We dive into the basics of this complex topic and explain it clearly!
Heart Function, Cardiac Myocardium, Myocardial Fibers.
Myocardial Fiber Stretch, Tension, Contraction.
Frank Starling Curve, Normal, Shifted Upward, Shifted Downward.
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YouTube Video:
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Understanding Tramadol - Uses, Mechanisms, Side Effects, Toxicity, Metabolism | Clinical Medicine

Tramadol is a medication that is widely used as a pain control agent. In this video we talk about all things Tramadol including how it works, side effects, how we metabolize it, toxicity, and much more!
Uses, FDA Approval, Class IV Controlled Substance.
Mechanism of Action, Serotonin, Noradrenaline, Opiate, GABA.
 Metabolism, Half Life, CYP Enzymes.
Side Effects, Toxicity, Serotonin Syndrome, Drug Interactions.
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YouTube Video:
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