WhiteBoard Medicine - Emergency And Critical Care

#120 Vasopressor And Inotrope Basics - Milrinone | Clinical Medicine

In this high-yield medical education podcast, we break down milrinone, a phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor used for inotropic support in heart failure and cardiogenic shock. Whether you're in the ICU, ED, or cardiology service, this is your focused review of how milrinone works and when to use it.
📌 In this podcast, you’ll learn: What is milrinone and how does it work? Mechanism of action: PDE-3 inhibition → ↑ cAMP → ↑ inotropy and vasodilation Receptors and intracellular signaling explained simply Clinical indications: acute decompensated heart failure, cardiogenic shock, post-cardiac surgery Differences vs. dobutamine Side effects: arrhythmias, hypotension, renal clearance issues When milrinone is preferred in low-output states Evidence summary + board-style practice questions 🎯 Perfect for learners preparing for USMLE, Step 2/3, critical care boards, internal medicine, or pharmacy rounds.
📚 Related Resources: Download our milrinone study guide and practice questions: https://www.patreon.com/collection/1443765
Watch next: Playlist Vasopressors and Inotropes: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLf5bMa9_tvRg_nAnm91hsyHhI0y_ahoS1&si=Myz25vHJgHAp4Nvc
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DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

#119 Intravenous Fluid Basics - Lactated Ringers (LR) | Clinical Medicine

In this podcast, we cover everything you need to know about Lactated Ringer’s (LR) — one of the most commonly used balanced crystalloid solutions in hospitals and emergency settings. 📌 Topics Covered: What is Lactated Ringer’s? Electrolyte composition of LR (Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Cl⁻, lactate). Isotonic vs hypotonic vs hypertonic fluids. How LR differs from normal saline (NS). When to use LR (trauma, burns, sepsis, surgery). LR and acid-base balance (lactate metabolism to bicarbonate). When to avoid LR (e.g., liver failure, certain medications).
YouTube Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nJSNwNQ3xtM
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DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

#118 Vasopressor And Inotrope Basics - Dobutamine | Clinical Medicine

In this high-yield medical education podcast, we break down dobutamine — a commonly used inotrope in the management of shock, heart failure, and low cardiac output states. Whether you’re working in the ICU, ED, or cardiology, this video gives you the essential tools to understand and apply dobutamine safely and effectively.
 
📌 In this podcast, we cover: What is dobutamine and how does it work? Mechanism of action: beta-1 beta-2 and minimal alpha activity. Receptor targets and physiologic effects (inotropy, chronotropy, vasodilation) Indications: cardiogenic shock, acute decompensated heart failure, low output states. When to use dobutamine vs other inotropes. Dosing, titration, and monitoring. Side effects: arrhythmias, tachycardia, hypotension. Clinical evidence and trial summaries. Board-style practice questions at the end!
📚 Related Resources: Download our dobutamine study guide and practice questions: https://www.patreon.com/collection/1443765 Watch next: Playlist Vasopressors and Inotropes: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLf5bMa9_tvRg_nAnm91hsyHhI0y_ahoS1&si=Myz25vHJgHAp4Nvc
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DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

#117 Intravenous Fluid Basics - Normal Saline (0.9% Saline) | Clinical Medicine

Looking to master the fundamentals of intravenous fluids? In this podcast, we break down everything you need to know about normal saline (NS or 0.9% NaCl) — one of the most commonly used IV fluids in clinical practice.
🔍 Topics Covered: What is normal saline? When to use normal saline vs other IV fluids. Isotonic vs hypotonic vs hypertonic fluids. Normal saline and acid-base balance. NS compatibility with medications and blood products. When to avoid using NS (e.g., hyperchloremic acidosis risks).
YouTube Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rvC6PrcEP64 
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#116 Vasopressor And Inotrope Basics - Phenylephrine | Clinical Medicine

In this high-yield medical education podcast, we break down phenylephrine — a pure alpha-agonist vasopressor used in a variety of clinical situations. Whether you're managing hypotension in the operating room, ICU, or ED, this video covers what you need to know to safely and effectively use phenylephrine.
📌 In this podcast, you’ll learn: What is phenylephrine and how does it work? Mechanism of action: selective alpha-1 receptor agonism. Clinical indications: anesthesia-induced hypotension, neurogenic shock, reflex bradycardia. IV bolus vs infusion: how and when to dose it. Side effects and key contraindications. Evidence summary and clinical trial highlights. Rapid recap + board-style practice questions.
📚 Related Resources:
Download our phenylephrine study guide and practice questions:
https://www.patreon.com/collection/1443765
Watch next: Playlist Vasopressors and Inotropes: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLf5bMa9_tvRg_nAnm91hsyHhI0y_ahoS1&si=Myz25vHJgHAp4Nvc
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DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

#115 Intravascular Fluid Basics - Fluid Compartments - Intravascular, Extravascular, Intracellular | Clinical Medicine

In this podcast, we explore the fundamentals of intravascular fluid, covering the key fluid compartments in the body: extracellular including intravascular and extravascular, and intracellular. Understanding how fluids are distributed across these compartments is crucial for diagnosing and managing a wide range of medical conditions. We talk about D5W, normal saline, lactated ringers, and albumin as related to these fluid compartments.
Link to YouTube Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4uow2MJ8P9M
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https://www.patreon.com/WhiteBoardMedicine
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

#114 Vasopressor And Inotrope Basics - Angiotensin II | Clinical Medicine

In this high-yield medical education podcast, we dive into angiotensin II (Giapreza) — a unique vasopressor that targets the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and is FDA-approved for vasodilatory shock. Whether you're in training or practicing in the ICU, this video provides a concise and clinically focused breakdown of how and when to use angiotensin II at the bedside.
📌 This video covers: What is angiotensin II and how does it work? Mechanism of action in the RAAS cascade. Target receptors (AT1 receptor) and hemodynamic effects. Clinical indications: septic shock, vasoplegia, catecholamine-refractory hypotension. Side effects, risks, and patient selection. Landmark evidence: ATHOS-3 trial, guideline use. Summary review + board-style practice questions.
📚 Related Resources:
Download our angiotensin II study guide and practice questions:
https://www.patreon.com/collection/1443765
Watch next: Playlist Vasopressors and Inotropes:
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLf5bMa9_tvRg_nAnm91hsyHhI0y_ahoS1&si=Myz25vHJgHAp4Nvc
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DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.
 

#113 Vasopressor And Inotrope Basics - Epinephrine | Clinical Medicine

In this high-yield medical education podcast, we break down epinephrine — a powerful vasopressor and inotrope used in everything from cardiac arrest to anaphylaxis to shock management. Whether you’re a med student, resident, ICU nurse, or emergency physician, this focused review will give you the tools to understand how epinephrine works and how to use it safely in clinical practice.
📌 In this video, we’ll cover: What is epinephrine (adrenaline) and when is it used? Mechanism of action and receptors (alpha-1, beta-1, beta-2). Clinical uses: anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest (ACLS), septic shock. Dosing strategies and administration routes (IV, IM, push-dose, drip). Side effects and how to monitor for them (e.g., tachyarrhythmias, hyperglycemia). Key evidence and practice guidelines. Summary and board-style practice questions to reinforce concepts.
📚 Related Resources: Download our norepinephrine study guide and practice questions:
https://www.patreon.com/collection/1443765
Watch next: Playlist Vasopressors and Inotropes: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLf5bMa9_tvRg_nAnm91hsyHhI0y_ahoS1&si=Myz25vHJgHAp4Nvc
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DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

#112 Vasopressor And Inotrope Basics - Vasopressin | Clinical Medicine

In this high-yield medical education podcast, we take a deep dive into vasopressin (ADH) — a powerful vasopressor frequently used alongside norepinephrine in shock states. Whether you're a medical student, resident, ICU nurse, or critical care physician, this focused video gives you the essential tools to understand and apply vasopressin at the bedside.
📌 What’s inside this video: What is vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone)? Mechanism of action and target receptors (V1, V2). Clinical indications: septic shock, vasodilatory shock, ACLS, DI. Evidence-based role as a second-line vasopressor. Dosing pearls and titration tips. Side effects and how to monitor for complications. Key trials: VASST, VANISH, and guideline-based use. Summary + high-yield practice questions to reinforce learning.
📚 Related Resources:
Download our norepinephrine study guide and practice questions:
https://www.patreon.com/collection/1443765
Watch next: Playlist Vasopressors and Inotropes:
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLf5bMa9_tvRg_nAnm91hsyHhI0y_ahoS1&si=Myz25vHJgHAp4Nvc
📰👇SIGN UP FOR OUR FREE WEEKLY NEWSLETTER👍👍 https://whiteboardmedicine.kit.com/634ccbe783
👍Become a WhiteBoard Medicine member for early access and perks! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiMhM7xCTT8b5SJRnhpH7Ag/join
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#111 Vasopressor And Inotrope Basics - Norepinephrine | Clinical Medicine

In this high-yield medical education podcast, we break down norepinephrine (aka Levophed) — one of the most commonly used vasopressors in critical care and emergency medicine. Whether you're a medical student, resident, nurse, or practicing physician, this is your go-to guide to understand how norepinephrine works and how to use it safely and effectively at the bedside.
📌 What you'll learn in this video:
What is norepinephrine?
Mechanism of action and receptor targets (α1, β1, β2).
Clinical indications and when to start norepinephrine.
Evidence-based uses in septic shock, cardiogenic shock, and more.
Dosing tips and titration strategies.
Side effects and safety considerations.
Major clinical trials and guideline-based evidence.
Summary review + board-style practice questions at the end!
💉 Perfect for learners prepping for exams (USMLE, ICU boards, CCRN) or anyone needing a fast, focused review.
🔗 Related resources:
Download our norepinephrine study guide and practice questions: https://www.patreon.com/collection/1443765
Watch next: Playlist Vasopressors and Inotropes: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLf5bMa9_tvRg_nAnm91hsyHhI0y_ahoS1&si=Myz25vHJgHAp4Nvc
 
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https://whiteboardmedicine.kit.com/634ccbe783
👍Become a WhiteBoard Medicine member for early access and perks!
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👇DON'T MISS OUT - JOIN OUR PATREON COMMUNITY TODAY 👇
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We appreciate the support!
DISCLAIMER THIS PODCAST DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, audio, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.